451 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
451 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
# DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat 多种子采样稳健性审计
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> 执行日期:2026-07-30
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>
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> 协议:`llm-atlas-deepseek-chat-sampling-v1`
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>
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> 模型:`deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat`
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>
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> revision:`85864749cd611b4353ce1decdb286193298f64c7`
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>
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> 预注册:`research/DEEPSEEK_V2_LITE_CHAT_SAMPLING_PROTOCOL.md`
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## 0. 一句话结论
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在固定官方 Chat checkpoint、固定四条 source、固定八格 prompt batch 与官方
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`temperature=0.3 / top_p=0.95` 下:
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```text
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256 sampled outputs
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├─ 251 natural EOS
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├─ 5 budget truncated(全部来自 English / system off)
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├─ 242 个不同的完整 token trajectory hash
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├─ Math:62 / 64 strict exact
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├─ Code:63 / 64 official tests pass
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└─ 新进程 R0/R1:64 / 64 全合同字段 exact
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```
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这说明在这份执行合同下:
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1. sampling 确实产生了跨 seed 轨迹分叉;
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2. 同 seed 可以在新进程精确复现;
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3. 一条流畅、自然结束、可解析或可执行的回答仍然可能答错;
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4. 四条 source 与八个 seed 仍远不足以估计 benchmark 能力或完整生成分布。
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---
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## 1. 为什么在 greedy 之后还要做这一轮
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Round 05 的 512-token 实验固定 `do_sample=false`。它验证的是每一步都取最高概率 token
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时的单条轨迹:
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```text
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同一 source + 同一 checkpoint + 不同输入边界
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→ greedy token 轨迹会怎样分叉
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```
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greedy 不能回答:
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- 换 seed 后,同一条件是否只会复述同一条轨迹;
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- greedy 轨迹是否会出现在有限的 nucleus samples 里;
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- 两个条件的八样本集合是否有 exact 重合;
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- 完成与任务结果是否会随 seed 改变。
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本轮只补这个证据缺口,不回头把 4 条 source 写成能力评测。
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---
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## 2. 冻结合同
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### 2.1 四条 source
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| domain | source ID | 角色 |
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|---|---|---|
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| English | `wikitext2/raw-validation/0443` | 长 continuation,最容易触及 512 上限 |
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| Chinese | `tnews/test/4855` | 中文分类式输入 |
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| Code | `HumanEval/31` | `is_prime`,可用官方 tests 执行 |
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| Math | `gsm8k/test/1069` | 可抽取数值 gold |
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它们是前序固定 source 排序中每域第 1 条,不是看到结果后重选。
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### 2.2 八格输入
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```text
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system off/on × EOS / BOS / x / period
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```
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固定行顺序:
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```text
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s0_eos, s1_eos, s0_bos, s1_bos,
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s0_x, s1_x, s0_period, s1_period
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```
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32 / 32 个 prompt token hash 与 Round 05 greedy 运行 exact。只有 EOS 是官方聊天序列;
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BOS、`x` 与句点都是单 ID 反事实,不能称为官方有效 chat。
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### 2.3 sampling 参数
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checkpoint 自带的 `generation_config.json` 固定:
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```text
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do_sample = true
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temperature = 0.3
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top_p = 0.95
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```
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本轮另外显式传入:
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```text
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top_k = 0
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max_new_tokens = 512
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use_cache = true
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```
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`top_k=0` 很重要:否则 Transformers 的通用默认 top-k 可能在不显眼处继续截断候选集合。
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### 2.4 八个 seed
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八个 base seed 全部由协议字符串做 SHA-256 派生:
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| replicate | base seed |
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|---:|---:|
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| R0 | 19,683,830 |
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| R1 | 1,560,062,173 |
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| R2 | 3,978,401,375 |
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| R3 | 1,280,933,274 |
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| R4 | 1,467,459,869 |
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| R5 | 1,297,359,489 |
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| R6 | 2,722,953,988 |
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| R7 | 3,330,978,061 |
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每个 source 再由 base seed 与 source ID 派生独立 run seed。每次 batch 前执行
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`torch.manual_seed()` 与 `torch.cuda.manual_seed_all()`,并记录 CPU/CUDA RNG 的前后
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state hash。
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### 2.5 batch-seed aligned,不是 common random numbers
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Transformers `4.41.2` 对 batch 调一次 `torch.multinomial`。八行共享 run seed 与调用
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时序,但不同 row 消费不同 RNG 子流。因此:
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- 可以比较相同 replicate label 的两格;
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- 只能称为 batch-seed aligned;
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- 不能当作逐行共享同一随机数的 paired causal design;
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- 本轮不报告 paired p-value 或置信区间。
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---
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## 3. 执行闸门
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### 3.1 16-token smoke
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```text
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4 sources × R0/R1 × 8 conditions = 64 short outputs
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4 sources × R0 replay × 8 conditions = 32 replay outputs
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```
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结果:
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| gate | 结果 |
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|---|---:|
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| prompt hash exact | 32 / 32 |
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| R0 同进程重放全合同 exact | 32 / 32 |
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| R0 vs R1 可比格 | 32 |
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| R0 vs R1 分叉 | 18 |
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| OOM / NaN / exception | 0 |
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16-token smoke 的 64 条输出全部触顶,符合技术检查的预期;它们没有进入正式统计。
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### 3.2 正式网格
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```text
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4 sources × 8 seeds × 8 conditions = 256 outputs
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```
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结构审计:
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| 检查 | 结果 |
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|---|---:|
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| sources | 4 |
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| runs / source | 8 |
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| outputs / source | 64 |
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| outputs / condition | 32 |
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| total outputs | 256 |
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| prompt hash exact | 32 / 32 |
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| missing / duplicate grid cells | 0 |
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生成耗时 `2,251.225s`,CUDA peak allocated `30,868,238,336 bytes`。这是 CPU-offloaded
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eager 机制审计延迟,不是服务吞吐。
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---
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## 4. stopping 与轨迹多样性
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### 4.1 总账
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| 指标 | 结果 |
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|---|---:|
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| natural EOS | 251 / 256 |
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| budget truncated | 5 / 256 |
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| 全局 unique trajectory hashes | 242 / 256 |
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| R0/R1 同格 trajectory 不同 | 31 / 32 |
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| greedy trajectory 出现在八样本集合 | 9 / 32 source×condition sets |
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`242/256 unique` 只说明完整 token ID 序列的 hash 不同,不说明有 242 种语义或思路。
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### 4.2 每个 condition
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| condition | EOS / 32 | mean tokens | 四个 source-set 的 unique 总数 / 32 | 8/8 unique sets / 4 | greedy included / 4 |
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|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
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| `s0_eos` | 29 | 290.1 | 31 | 3 | 1 |
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| `s1_eos` | 32 | 241.4 | 32 | 4 | 2 |
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| `s0_bos` | 32 | 265.4 | 30 | 3 | 1 |
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| `s1_bos` | 32 | 221.2 | 32 | 4 | 1 |
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| `s0_x` | 30 | 263.6 | 32 | 4 | 0 |
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| `s1_x` | 32 | 146.8 | 30 | 3 | 2 |
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| `s0_period` | 32 | 259.5 | 32 | 4 | 0 |
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| `s1_period` | 32 | 121.7 | 26 | 3 | 2 |
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32 个 source×condition set 中:
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```text
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28 sets:8 unique trajectories
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2 sets:6 unique trajectories
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1 set :7 unique trajectories
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1 set :2 unique trajectories
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```
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只有 `HumanEval/31 × s1_period` 收缩到 2 条完整轨迹;它不是“低创造力”的证明,只是该
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source/condition/参数下八次抽样的 exact-sequence 重复。
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### 4.3 五个截断
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五格全部属于 `wikitext2/raw-validation/0443`:
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| replicate | condition | tokens |
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|---|---|---:|
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| R0 | `s0_x` | 512 |
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| R1 | `s0_eos` | 512 |
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| R4 | `s0_eos` | 512 |
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| R5 | `s0_x` | 512 |
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| R6 | `s0_eos` | 512 |
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所以“全局 251/256 EOS”不能简化成每条 source 都同样容易完成。
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---
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## 5. 十条 edge 的集合比较
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每个 source×edge 同时计算:
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1. 8 个相同 replicate label 对的 token similarity;
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2. 左集合每条到右集合的最高 similarity;
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3. 右集合每条到左集合的最高 similarity;
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4. 两个方向 16 个最近邻值的平均;
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5. 完整 trajectory hash-set 的 intersection / union。
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四条 source 的描述性均值:
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| edge | aligned similarity | symmetric nearest similarity | exact intersection / union |
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|---|---:|---:|---:|
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| system · EOS | .366 | .492 | 1 / 62 |
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| system · BOS | .314 | .491 | 0 / 62 |
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| system · x | .275 | .392 | 0 / 62 |
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| system · period | .253 | .355 | 0 / 58 |
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| BOS − EOS · S0 | .444 | .589 | 0 / 61 |
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| BOS − EOS · S1 | .430 | .589 | 0 / 64 |
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| x − EOS · S0 | .332 | .470 | 0 / 63 |
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| x − EOS · S1 | .278 | .395 | 0 / 62 |
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| period − EOS · S0 | .404 | .546 | 1 / 62 |
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| period − EOS · S1 | .261 | .375 | 0 / 58 |
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40 个 source-level edge set 中只有两个出现跨侧 exact trajectory 重合:
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- `gsm8k/test/1069 × system_eos`;
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- `gsm8k/test/1069 × period_at_s0`。
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nearest-neighbor 总是高于相同 label 对并不奇怪:它从 8 条右侧样本里主动选择最接近的一条。
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这不是无偏分布距离,也不能据此给 boundary effect 排名。
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---
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## 6. 任务账:完成、可评与正确分开
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### 6.1 GSM8K
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| 指标 | 结果 |
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|---|---:|
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| sampled outputs | 64 |
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| numeric evaluator covered | 64 |
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| strict-complete exact | 62 |
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| answer `300` | 62 |
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| answer `100` | 2 |
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| unique absolute majority | `300` |
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| gold | `300` |
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两条失败分别位于:
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- R4 / `s1_x`;
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- R7 / `s1_eos`。
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两条都不是抽取器误判。回答明确写出 boxed `100`,错误推理是:
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```text
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1/4 trucks failed
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→ 错写成只有 1/4 trucks delivered
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→ 5 trucks × 20 tons = 100
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```
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正确逻辑应保留 `3/4 × 20 = 15` 辆车,得到 `300`。这说明 natural EOS、明确 final
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marker 与可抽取数值都不能保证 reasoning 正确。
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这里的多数答案只是 1 条 GSM8K source 上的八条件×八 seed 描述,不是标准
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self-consistency benchmark。
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### 6.2 HumanEval
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| 指标 | 结果 |
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|---|---:|
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| sampled outputs | 64 |
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| Python AST parse | 64 |
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| sandbox evaluated | 64 |
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| official tests pass | 63 |
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| assertion failure | 1 |
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| unique candidate execution keys | 24 |
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| exact duplicate cache hits | 40 |
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唯一失败位于 R5 / `s0_period`。候选代码:
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- 正确排除了 `n < 2`;
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- 正确特判 `n == 2`;
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- 只检查奇数除数;
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- **没有先排除大于 2 的偶数**。
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因此代码流畅、code fence 闭合、AST 合法、可以执行,却对偶数输入返回错误。这个案例直接
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展示了四张账:
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```text
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NATURAL EOS
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→ TASK TERMINAL
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→ EVALUATOR COVERED
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→ ASSERTION FAILED
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```
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每个唯一 candidate 的执行环境:
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```text
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python:3.11-alpine
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@sha256:25976e9d34a0fab1f278cae931f34c8303d97bf0c0d7f85b6b4dcf641d7702a4
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network none · read-only filesystem · no host mounts
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user 65534:65534 · cap-drop ALL · no-new-privileges
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256MiB memory/swap · pids 64 · cpus .5 · timeout 5s
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```
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cache 只复用完全相同的 candidate hash + task-test hash + harness hash;每格评测行仍保留。
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---
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## 7. 新进程复现
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正式运行结束后重新启动 Python、重新加载 checkpoint,只执行 R0/R1:
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```text
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4 sources × 2 seeds × 8 conditions = 64 outputs
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```
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逐格结果:
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| field | exact |
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|---|---:|
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| run seed | 64 / 64 |
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| prompt hash | 64 / 64 |
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| complete generated token IDs | 64 / 64 |
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| decoded text | 64 / 64 |
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| EOS state | 64 / 64 |
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| truncation state | 64 / 64 |
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| CPU RNG pre-state hash | 64 / 64 |
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| CUDA RNG pre-state hash | 64 / 64 |
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| all preregistered fields | **64 / 64** |
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这只能写成“R0/R1 的 64 条轨迹在固定环境中独立复现”。R2–R7 没有新进程复跑,不能写
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256 / 256。
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---
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## 8. artifact hash 链
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| artifact | bytes | SHA-256 |
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|---|---:|---|
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| formal raw | 1,852,892 | `46c7edfce1409e798d6b0f06e905dd3a9d4ab6911acd8e42e2ec9d06d65345af` |
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| independent eval | 316,800 | `078f486e021ffd0e4af8ad942d001a9f2429933b2fb0fb3523b7d1da5b24c4d8` |
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| R0/R1 rerun raw | 537,669 | `72d050eace531bb38fb2592e39dc7f1b9c9003306c92c568dcd4acaaa691f6a0` |
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| reproduction comparison | 29,938 | `4d59a775943459604ea2d9976bb3be01ff7b3b08d71eb0ca22c376122ef82d15` |
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| website compact | 371,495 | `c014dc0ed6c27b19a61e7abb9b84a077b414e8472d40cc69d025693c25e1372e` |
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compact builder 在写前端 JSON 前强制验证:
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1. evaluator 声明的 sampling input SHA 与 formal raw 文件一致;
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2. reproduction 声明的 formal/rerun SHA 与两份 raw 一致;
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3. reproduction `all_preregistered_fields_exact == cells`。
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任一失败都会中止构建。
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---
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## 9. 依赖与放置
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| object | value |
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|---|---|
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| PyTorch | `2.11.0+cu128` |
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| Transformers | `4.41.2` |
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| dtype | BF16 |
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| local GPU | RTX 5090 · 32,607 MiB |
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| CUDA placement | embedding + layers 0–23 |
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| CPU offload | layers 24–26 + final norm + LM head |
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| max memory | GPU 28 GiB / CPU 80 GiB |
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| allocator | `expandable_segments:True` |
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| formal generation time | 2,251.225 s |
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| peak CUDA allocated | 30,868,238,336 bytes |
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官方模型卡写出的 40GB 单 GPU BF16 边界高于本机容量,所以这不是 single-GPU BF16
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execution。
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---
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## 10. 一手来源
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- [DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat model card](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat)
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- [Pinned official generation_config.json](https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V2-Lite-Chat/blob/85864749cd611b4353ce1decdb286193298f64c7/generation_config.json)
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- [Transformers 4.41.2 generation utils](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v4.41.2/src/transformers/generation/utils.py)
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- [The Curious Case of Neural Text Degeneration / nucleus sampling](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09751)
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- [Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.11171)
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- [HumanEval repository](https://github.com/openai/human-eval)
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- [GSM8K paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.14168)
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---
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## 11. 可以说与不能说
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可以说:
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- 在固定四条 source 与官方 sampling 参数下,R0/R1 有 31/32 同格轨迹分叉;
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- 256 条样本中 251 条自然 EOS,242 条完整 token trajectory hash 不同;
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- 这 1 条 GSM8K 的 64 个样本中 62 个 strict exact;
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- 这 1 条 HumanEval 的 64 个样本中 63 个通过官方 tests;
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- 固定环境下 R0/R1 新进程复跑 64/64 全合同 exact。
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不能说:
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- 八个 seed 已恢复完整生成分布;
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- 242 个 hash 表示 242 种语义;
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- 4 条 source 是 benchmark;
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- 62/64 与 63/64 可以横比标准 accuracy 或 pass@k;
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- majority answer 是标准 self-consistency;
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- batch-seed aligned 是 common random numbers;
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- nearest-neighbor 是无偏分布距离;
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- 某个 condition 更“有创造力”;
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- BOS、`x`、句点是官方有效聊天格式;
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- output 差异由某层 hidden state 或 router 因果中介;
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- fixed-version exact replay 能跨 PyTorch、CUDA 或硬件保证。
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